Imported from snyk/studio-recipes (command_directives/synchronous_remediation/skills/sbom-analyzer/SKILL.md). Install upstream with npx skills add snyk/studio-recipes --skill sbom-analyzer. Copyright stays with the author (Apache-2.0).

SBOM Security Analyzer

Analyze Software Bill of Materials to identify vulnerabilities in declared components for third-party risk management and compliance workflows.

Core Principle: Know what's in your software supply chain.

Quick Start

1. Receive or locate SBOM file (CycloneDX or SPDX)
2. Validate SBOM format and completeness
3. Run mcp_snyk_snyk_sbom_scan for vulnerability analysis
4. Generate risk report with prioritized findings
5. Provide remediation guidance

Supported SBOM Formats

Note: mcp_snyk_snyk_sbom_scan requires Package URLs (purls) in the SBOM for component identification.

Phase 1: SBOM Validation

Goal: Ensure the SBOM is valid and complete before analysis.

Step 1.1: Identify SBOM Format

Check the file structure:

CycloneDX Indicators:

{
  "bomFormat": "CycloneDX",
  "specVersion": "1.5",
  "components": [...]
}

SPDX Indicators:

{
  "spdxVersion": "SPDX-2.3",
  "SPDXID": "SPDXRef-DOCUMENT",
  "packages": [...]
}

Step 1.2: Validate Completeness

Check for required elements:

* Package URLs are required for Snyk to identify vulnerabilities.

Step 1.3: Report Validation Issues

If SBOM is incomplete, produce a report in this format:

## SBOM Validation Results

**File**: supplier-sbom.json
**Format**: CycloneDX 1.5

### Issues Found
| Issue | Severity | Count |
|-------|----------|-------|
| Missing purl | Error | 15 components |
| Missing license | Warning | 8 components |
| Missing checksum | Info | 23 components |

### Components Without purl (Cannot Scan)
- component-a (no package URL)
- component-b (no package URL)

**Recommendation**: Request updated SBOM from supplier with package URLs.

Phase 2: Security Scan

Goal: Identify vulnerabilities in SBOM components.

Step 2.1: Run SBOM Scan

Call the tool directly:

mcp_snyk_snyk_sbom_scan(file="path/to/sbom.json", severity_threshold="medium")

Step 2.2: Organization-Scoped Scan

To apply org-specific policies:

mcp_snyk_snyk_sbom_scan(file="path/to/sbom.json", org="<org-id>", severity_threshold="high")

Phase 3: Risk Analysis

Goal: Generate a comprehensive risk report from scan results.

Produce a single consolidated report covering summary, critical findings, and an overall risk score:

## SBOM Security Analysis

### Overview
| Metric | Value |
|--------|-------|
| Total Components | 156 |
| Components Scanned | 141 |
| Components Skipped | 15 (missing purl) |
| Vulnerable Components | 23 |
| Total Vulnerabilities | 47 |

### Severity Breakdown
| Severity | Count |
|----------|-------|
| Critical | 3 |
| High | 12 |
| Medium | 18 |
| Low | 14 |

### Critical Vulnerabilities
| Component | Version | CVE | CVSS | Exploited |
|-----------|---------|-----|------|-----------|
| log4j-core | 2.14.1 | CVE-2021-44228 | 10.0 | Yes |
| spring-core | 5.3.17 | CVE-2022-22965 | 9.8 | Yes |
| jackson-databind | 2.9.10 | CVE-2020-36518 | 9.8 | No |

### Risk Score: 78/100 (High Risk)
- ⚠️ 2 vulnerabilities with known exploits
- ⚠️ 3 critical severity issues
- ✓ Components from untrusted sources: 0

**Recommendation**: Do not integrate this software until critical vulnerabilities are addressed.

Phase 4: Remediation Guidance

Goal: Provide actionable upgrade recommendations and vendor communication.

Step 4.1: Upgrade Recommendations

## Recommended Actions

### Priority 1: Critical (Must Fix)
| Component | Current | Fixed Version | Notes |
|-----------|---------|---------------|-------|
| log4j-core | 2.14.1 | 2.17.1+ | Log4Shell |
| spring-core | 5.3.17 | 5.3.18+ | Spring4Shell |

### Priority 2: High (Should Fix)
| Component | Current | Fixed Version | Notes |
|-----------|---------|---------------|-------|
| lodash | 4.17.15 | 4.17.21 | Prototype pollution |
| axios | 0.21.1 | 1.6.0+ | SSRF vulnerability |

### Priority 3: Medium (Plan to Fix)
| Component | Current | Fixed Version | Notes |
|-----------|---------|---------------|-------|
| minimist | 1.2.5 | 1.2.8+ | Prototype pollution |

Step 4.2: Vendor Communication

Draft a message to the vendor using this template (populate with actual findings):

Subject: Security Vulnerabilities in Software SBOM

Dear [Vendor],

During our security review of [Product Name], we identified the following
vulnerabilities in the provided SBOM:

**Critical Issues (Require Immediate Action)**:
1. [Component] [Version] - [CVE] ([Name])
2. [Component] [Version] - [CVE] ([Name])

**Request**:
1. Provide updated software with patched versions
2. Provide updated SBOM reflecting the changes
3. Confirm expected remediation timeline

We require resolution of critical issues before proceeding with integration.

Regards,
[Your Name]

SBOM Generation (Internal Projects)

To generate an SBOM for your own project using the Snyk CLI, then scan it:

# Generate CycloneDX SBOM
snyk sbom --format=cyclonedx1.5+json > sbom.json

# Generate SPDX SBOM
snyk sbom --format=spdx2.3+json > sbom.json

Then scan the generated SBOM:

mcp_snyk_snyk_sbom_scan(file="sbom.json")

Error Handling

Invalid SBOM Format

Error: Unable to parse SBOM file

Solutions:
1. Verify file is valid JSON
2. Check SBOM format (CycloneDX/SPDX)
3. Validate against schema
4. Request corrected SBOM from source

Missing Package URLs

Warning: X components missing purl - cannot scan

Solutions:
1. Request updated SBOM with purls
2. Manually add purls if components are known
3. Document risk of unscanned components

Unsupported Version

Error: SBOM version not supported

Supported versions:
- CycloneDX: 1.4, 1.5, 1.6
- SPDX: 2.3

Convert SBOM to supported version if possible.

Constraints

1. Requires purls: Components without package URLs cannot be scanned
2. JSON only: XML format not currently supported
3. Version limits: Only specific CycloneDX/SPDX versions supported
4. Network required: Vulnerability database lookup needs connectivity
5. Point-in-time: SBOM reflects a specific version — rescan on updates