Imported from huaweicloud/huaweicloud-skills (skills/container/swr/huawei-cloud-swr-image-governance/SKILL.md). Install upstream with npx skills add huaweicloud/huaweicloud-skills --skill huawei-cloud-swr-image-governance. Copyright stays with the author.

Huawei Cloud SWR Image Governance

Overview

This skill provides governance capabilities for Huawei Cloud SWR (Software Repository for Container) using the hcloud CLI, covering permissions, retention policies, sharing, and agency delegation.

Architecture: hcloud CLI → SWR Service API → Permission/Retention/Domain/Share/Agency resources

Related Skills:

• huawei-cloud-swr-image-management - Image lifecycle management (namespace, repo, tag, auth, quota)
• huawei-cloud-swr-image-automation - Image automation ops (sync, triggers, domains)
• huawei-cloud-swr-enterprise-instance - Enterprise instance management

Out of Scope:

This skill does NOT support the following operations. If the user requests any of these, inform them and suggest the correct skill:

Capabilities:

• Grant, query, modify, and revoke namespace-level permissions
• Grant, query, modify, and revoke repository-level permissions
• Create and manage image retention rules for automated cleanup
• Create and manage shared download domains for cross-organization access
• List shared repositories and check sharing feature gates
• Check and create agency delegation for SWR operations
• List repository accessories and references

Typical Use Cases:

• "Grant edit permission on namespace 'group-dev' to user 'dev-team'"
• "List all users with access to namespace 'group-dev'"
• "Set up a retention rule to keep only the last 10 tags in repository 'nginx'"
• "Create a shared download domain for repository 'my-app'"
• "List all shared repositories"
• "Check if image sharing feature is enabled"
• "Check agency delegation status for SWR"
• "Revoke a user's permission on a repository"

Workflow

0. ⚠️ Billing Confirmation (MANDATORY) — Before executing any operation, inform the user of potential billing implications and obtain explicit consent:
   • Governance operations: Permission management, retention rules, and sharing configuration are free. However, retention rules that delete images reduce storage costs, while shared download domains may increase traffic costs.
   • Agency delegation: Creating SWR agency delegation does not incur direct costs but enables cross-service operations that may have billing implications.
   • Ask the user to confirm: "Do you understand the billing implications and wish to proceed? (yes/no)"
   • Only proceed if the user explicitly confirms. If the user declines, stop and do not execute any operations.
1. Parse user request — identify the governance operation (permissions, retention, domains, sharing, agency)
2. Check scope — if the requested operation is listed in Out of Scope, inform the user and suggest the correct skill. Do not execute the operation.
3. Verify prerequisites — check hcloud CLI installation and credential configuration
4. Confirm parameters — display the operation, target resources, and parameters to the user for confirmation
5. Execute read operations — for query operations (Show, List, Check), run hcloud CLI directly
6. Confirm write operations — for write operations (Create, Update, Delete), prompt user confirmation before execution (see Parameter Confirmation)
7. Parse and format output — extract relevant fields, format as table or structured output
8. Report results — present results with context (e.g., permission changes, retention rule details)
9. Suggest next actions — recommend related operations (e.g., after granting permission, suggest verifying with Show)

参数确认

All write operations (Create, Update, Delete) require explicit user confirmation before execution.

Before executing any write operation, the skill must:

1. Display the exact hcloud command to be executed
2. Show the target resource (namespace, repository, domain, etc.)
3. Show the change to be applied (permission level, retention rule, domain settings)
4. Wait for user confirmation ("yes" / "confirm") before proceeding
5. If user declines, abort the operation and return to step 1

Write operations requiring confirmation:

Prerequisites

1. hcloud CLI Requirements (MANDATORY)

• hcloud CLI installed (version >= 7.2.2)
• Run hcloud version to verify installation
• First-time usage: printf "y\n" | hcloud version to accept privacy statement

2. Credential Configuration

hcloud CLI supports two credential modes via environment variables, automatically detected at runtime:

Mode A — Long-term AK/SK (permanent access):

export HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK=<your-ak>
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK=<your-sk>
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_REGION=cn-north-4

Mode B — Temporary AK/SK + SecurityToken (recommended for temporary or delegated access):

export HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK=<your-temp-ak>
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK=<your-temp-sk>
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_SECURITY_TOKEN=<your-security-token>
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_REGION=cn-north-4

When HUAWEI_CLOUD_SECURITY_TOKEN is present, hcloud CLI automatically uses temporary credential authentication. When only AK/SK are set, it uses long-term credential authentication.

• Security Rules:
  • 🚫 Never expose AK/SK/SecurityToken values in code, conversation, or commands
  • 🚫 Never use echo $HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK or echo $HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK to check credentials
  • ✅ Use environment variables: HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK, HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK, HUAWEI_CLOUD_REGION, HUAWEI_CLOUD_SECURITY_TOKEN
  • ✅ Prefer IAM users over root account for cloud operations
  • ✅ Enable MFA for sensitive operations

⚠️ Important Security Notes:

• Never commit credentials to version control
• Use IAM users with minimal required permissions
• Enable MFA for sensitive operations
• Rotate AK/SK regularly

3. IAM Permission Requirements

See IAM Permission Policies for complete policy JSON.

Permission Failure Handling:

1. When any command fails due to permission errors, read references/iam-policies.md
2. Display the required permission list and policy JSON to the user
3. Guide the user to create a custom policy in the IAM console and grant authorization
4. Pause execution and wait for user confirmation that permissions have been granted

KooCLI Command Format Standard

All commands follow the standard hcloud KooCLI format:

hcloud SWR <Operation> --param1=value1 --param2=value2 --cli-region=<region>

Key conventions:

• Service name: SWR (uppercase, matches KooCLI Services listing)
• Operation name: PascalCase (e.g., ShowNamespaceAuth, CreateRetention, ListRepoDomains)
• Region parameter: --cli-region=<value> (default: cn-north-4, or HUAWEI_CLOUD_REGION env var)
• Output format: --cli-output=json (for agent processing)
• JMESPath filtering: --cli-query="<expression>" (to reduce output)
• Array-style parameters: --1.auth=7 --1.user_id=xxx (index starts from 1, not 0)
• Nested object parameters: --rules.1.template=tag_rule --rules.1.params='{"num":"10"}'

Example — read operation:

hcloud SWR ShowNamespaceAuth --namespace=pancake --cli-region=cn-north-4 --cli-output=json

Example — write operation (requires user confirmation):

# Step 1: Display command and parameters for user confirmation
# Step 2: After user confirms, execute:
hcloud SWR CreateNamespaceAuth --namespace=pancake --1.auth=7 --1.user_id=<user-id> --1.user_name=<user-name> --cli-region=cn-north-4

Core Commands

1. Namespace Permissions

See Task: Namespace Permissions for detailed workflows.

# Show namespace permissions (who has access and their auth levels)
hcloud SWR ShowNamespaceAuth --namespace=pancake --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Grant namespace permission to a user
hcloud SWR CreateNamespaceAuth --namespace=pancake --1.auth=7 --1.user_id=05949eb5350010e21f85c017722182de --1.user_name=hwstaff_p00506267 --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Update namespace permission for a user
hcloud SWR UpdateNamespaceAuth --namespace=pancake --1.auth=3 --1.user_id=05949eb5350010e21f85c017722182de --1.user_name=hwstaff_p00506267 --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Revoke namespace permission for a user (DELETE uses array<string>, not array<object>)
hcloud SWR DeleteNamespaceAuth --namespace=pancake --1=05949eb5350010e21f85c017722182de --cli-region=cn-north-4

Auth Values: 7 = manage (full control), 3 = edit (push/pull), 1 = read (pull only)

⚠️ Array-Style Parameters: Permission operations use different array formats:

• Create/Update (array): Use --[N].auth, --[N].user_id, --[N].user_name format where [N] is the array index (starting from 1). For a single user, use --1.auth=7 --1.user_id=xxx --1.user_name=xxx.
• Delete (array): Use --[N]=<user_id> format — the array element is directly a user ID string. For a single user, use --1=<user_id>. Do NOT use --1.user_id= or --1.user_name= for Delete operations. See Common Pitfalls for details.

2. Repository Permissions

See Task: Repository Permissions for detailed workflows.

# Show repository permissions
hcloud SWR ShowUserRepositoryAuth --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Grant repository permission to a user
hcloud SWR CreateUserRepositoryAuth --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --1.auth=7 --1.user_id=05949eb5350010e21f85c017722182de --1.user_name=hwstaff_p00506267 --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Update repository permission for a user
hcloud SWR UpdateUserRepositoryAuth --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --1.auth=3 --1.user_id=05949eb5350010e21f85c017722182de --1.user_name=hwstaff_p00506267 --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Revoke repository permission for a user (DELETE uses array<string>, not array<object>)
hcloud SWR DeleteUserRepositoryAuth --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --1=05949eb5350010e21f85c017722182de --cli-region=cn-north-4

Auth Values: Same as namespace permissions: 7 = manage, 3 = edit, 1 = read

3. Agency Delegation

# Check if agency delegation is enabled
hcloud SWR CheckAgency --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Create agency delegation for SWR
hcloud SWR CreateAgency --cli-region=cn-north-4

Use Cases:

• Agency delegation allows SWR to access other services (OBS, CCE) on your behalf
• Required for features like image sync to OBS and CCE trigger deployments
• CheckAgency returns whether agency is already configured; CreateAgency sets up the delegation

4. Retention Rules

See Task: Retention Management for detailed workflows.

# List retention rules for a repository
hcloud SWR ListRetentions --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Create a retention rule (keep last 10 tags)
hcloud SWR CreateRetention --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --algorithm=or --rules.1.template=tag_rule --rules.1.params='{"num":"10"}' --rules.1.tag_selectors.1.kind=label --rules.1.tag_selectors.1.pattern=latest --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Create a retention rule (keep tags from last 30 days)
hcloud SWR CreateRetention --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --algorithm=or --rules.1.template=date_rule --rules.1.params='{"days":"30"}' --rules.1.tag_selectors.1.kind=label --rules.1.tag_selectors.1.pattern=latest --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Show retention rule details
hcloud SWR ShowRetention --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --retention_id=<id> --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Update a retention rule
hcloud SWR UpdateRetention --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --retention_id=<id> --algorithm=or --rules.1.template=tag_rule --rules.1.params='{"num":"5"}' --rules.1.tag_selectors.1.kind=label --rules.1.tag_selectors.1.pattern=latest --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Delete a retention rule
hcloud SWR DeleteRetention --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --retention_id=<id> --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List retention execution histories
hcloud SWR ListRetentionHistories --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --retention_id=<id> --cli-region=cn-north-4

Retention Rule Templates:

• tag_rule: Keep a specified number of the most recent tags (params.num)
• date_rule: Keep tags created within a specified number of days (params.days)

Tag Selector Kinds:

• label: Exact tag name match (e.g., latest, v1.0)
• regexp: Regex pattern match (e.g., v\d+\.\d+\.\d+)

Algorithm: or means rules are combined with OR logic (a tag is retained if it matches ANY rule)

5. Shared Download Domains

See Task: Shared Domains for detailed workflows.

# List shared download domains for a repository
hcloud SWR ListRepoDomains --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Create a shared download domain
# --access_domain: Huawei Cloud IAM domain name (tenant name/account name) of the target account to share with
# --deadline: Expiration time in UTC format; use "forever" for permanent access
# --permit: Permission type; currently only "read" is supported
hcloud SWR CreateRepoDomains --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --access_domain=<iam-domain-name> --deadline=forever --permit=read --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Show shared domain details
hcloud SWR ShowAccessDomain --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --access_domain=<iam-domain-name> --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Update a shared download domain
hcloud SWR UpdateRepoDomains --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --access_domain=<iam-domain-name> --deadline=forever --permit=read --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Delete a shared download domain
hcloud SWR DeleteRepoDomains --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --access_domain=<iam-domain-name> --cli-region=cn-north-4

Shared Domain Parameters:

• --access_domain: The Huawei Cloud IAM domain name (shared tenant name) of the account you want to share the image with. This is the target account's domain name, not a custom domain identifier.
• --deadline: Expiration time in UTC format (e.g., 2025-12-31T23:59:59Z). Use forever for permanent access.
• --permit: Permission type. Currently only read (download/pull) is supported.
• --description (optional): Human-readable description of the shared domain.

6. Image Sharing

See Task: Image Sharing for detailed workflows.

# List shared repositories I have shared (self) or received (thirdparty)
# --center is REQUIRED: "self" = repos I shared to others, "thirdparty" = repos shared to me
hcloud SWR ListSharedReposDetails --center=self --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List shared repository details (--shared_by is REQUIRED: self|thirdparty)
hcloud SWR ListSharedRepoDetails --shared_by=self --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Check sharing feature gates
hcloud SWR ShowShareFeatureGates --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Check global feature gates
hcloud SWR ListGlobalFeatureGates --cli-region=cn-north-4

7. Repository Accessories & References

# List repository accessories
hcloud SWR ListRepoAccessories --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List repository references
hcloud SWR ListReferences --namespace=pancake --repository=openclaw-sandbox --cli-region=cn-north-4

Parameter Reference

Common Parameters

Permission Parameters

⚠️ Array Index Format: [N] starts from 1 (not 0). For granting permission to a single user, use --1.auth=7 --1.user_id=xxx --1.user_name=xxx. For multiple users, use --1.auth=7 --1.user_id=xxx --1.user_name=xxx --2.auth=3 --2.user_id=yyy --2.user_name=yyy.

Retention Parameters

Domain Parameters

Output Format

See Output Format for detailed response format examples (NamespaceAuth, RepositoryAuth, RepoDomains, CheckAgency, ShareFeatureGates, GlobalFeatureGates, Retentions, RepoAccessories, ListSharedReposDetails).

Key Format Notes:

• auth: Permission value (7=manage, 3=edit, 1=read)
• self_auth vs others_auths: Check both when auditing permissions
• ListRepoDomains: Uses created/updated (NOT created_at/updated_at)
• ListRetentions: Returns flat array (empty [] when no rules)
• ListRepoAccessories: Uses total + accessories (null when empty)

Verification

See Verification Method for step-by-step verification.

Best Practices

1. Least Privilege: Grant the minimum auth level needed — 1 (read) for pull-only, 3 (edit) for push/pull, 7 (manage) for full control
2. Namespace vs Repository Permissions: Namespace permissions apply to ALL repositories under it; repository permissions are granular per-repo
3. Retention Rules: Use tag_rule (keep N most recent) for most cases; date_rule (keep tags within N days) for time-based cleanup
4. Retention Tag Selectors: Use label kind with latest pattern to protect important tags from retention cleanup
5. Shared Domains: Use deadline=forever for stable internal sharing; set specific deadlines for temporary cross-team access
6. Agency Delegation: Check agency status before configuring image sync or CCE triggers — these require agency to be enabled
7. Audit Permissions Regularly: Use ShowNamespaceAuth and ShowUserRepositoryAuth to periodically review who has access

Reference Documents

Notes

• Permission changes are immediate — no delay between granting and availability
• Revoke with caution — removing manage auth (7) prevents the user from administering the namespace/repository
• Retention rules execute automatically — tags matching the rule conditions will be deleted during execution
• AK/SK must never be hardcoded — credentials should only be obtained via environment variables
• hcloud CLI is the only supported method — all operations use hcloud SWR <Operation> format
• ListRepoDomains timestamps use created/updated — NOT created_at/updated_at

Common Pitfalls

See Common Pitfalls & Solutions for detailed troubleshooting guides.

Quick Reference: